WOOD AND PLYWOOD QUALITY CHARACTERIZATION OF NEW AND ALTERNATE SPECIES AMENABLE FOR COMPOSITE WOOD PRODUCTION
Keywords:
Plywood, Mechanical properties, Veneer quality, Alternate industrial wood, wood propertiesAbstract
India is one of the robust consumers of engineered wood products and the raw material demand for engineered wood production is increasing at an alarming rate. Currently the plywood industries in the country depends only on few species and demands screening of alternate and species amenable for plywood production. Therefore studies were conducted to characterize the physical and mechanical properties of eight different tree species viz., Toona ciliata, Chukrasia tabularis, Acacia hybrid, Neolamarckia cadamba, Acrocarpus fraxinifolius, Swietenia macrophylla, Casuarina equisetifolia and Mitragyna parvifolia which are potential tree components in Agroforestry system. The physical properties like density exhibited wider variation between the species. In general, all species exhibited medium to high density values. The studies on veneer recovery indicated that barring Mitragyna parvifolia, all other species exhibited more than 50% veneer recovery and extend greater scope of adoption. Similarly the veneer quality exhibited wide differences and several species registered face veneer quality. The analysis of mechanical properties of plywood made out of all eight species indicated that the Modulus of Elasticity (MOE) was well within the acceptable range and the Modulus of Rupture (MOR) was on higher side which indicated that these species could play a vital role in manufacture of medium to high density plywood.
References
Ajayi B (2002) Preliminary investigation of cement-bonded particle board from maize stalk residues. Nig J For 32: 33-37.
Anonymous (1979) Bangladesh standard specification for veneered decorative plywood. BDS 1158:1986. Bangladesh Standard and testing Institution, 116/A, Tejgaon Industrial Area, Dhaka-1208, Bangladesh. 9 pp.
Anonymous (1983) Bangladesh standard specification for plywood for general purposes (1st revision). BDS 799: 1983. 3-DIT Avenue, Motijhell Commercial Area, Dhaka-2, Bangladesh.
Anonymous (1985) Bangladesh standard specification for marine plywood. BDS 115:1985. Bangladesh Standard and Testing Institution, 116/A, Tejgaon Industrial Area, Dhaka-1208, Bangladesh. 11 pp.
Anonymous (1986) Bangladesh standard specification for plywood tea chests (1st revision). BDS 18:1978. Bangladesh Institution, 3-DIT (extension) Avenue, Motijhell Commercial Area, Dhaka-2, Bangladesh. 28 pp.
ASTM D2395-17 (2017) Standard test methods for density and specific gravity (relative density) of wood and wood based materials. ASTM, West Conshohocken, PA. ASTM D3043-87 (1987) Standard methods of testing structural panels in flexure.
ASTM D5456-19 (2019) Standard specification for evaluation of structural composite lumber products. ASTM, West Conshohocken, PA.
Das DK (1990) List of Bangladeshi Village tree species. Bangladeshi Forest Research Institute, Chittagong, Bangladesh.
FAO (2009) India forestry outlook study. Working Paper No. APFSOS II/WP/2009/06. Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India, New Delhi, India.
Forest Conservation Act (1980) Government of India, India.
Franz FP, Kollmann EW, Kuenji A, Stamm J (1975) Principles of wood science and technology: II wood based materials. Springer Verlag, New York, NY.
IS 1708 (Part 5): BIS (1986) Methods of testing of small clear specimens of timber [CED 9: Timber and Timber Stores].
IS 1659 (2004) Block Boards-Specification [CED 20: Wood and other Lignocellulosic products].
IS 1734-1 to 20 (1983) Methods of test for plywood [CED 20: Wood and other Lignocellulosic products].
Kelly A (1994) Concise encyclopaedia of composite materials, revised edition. Pergamon Press, England, UK.
Kral P, Hrazsky J (2006) Effects of different pressing conditions on properties of spruce plywoods. J For Sci 52(6): 285-292.
Kwon HE, Geimer RL (1998) Impact of steam pressing variables on the dimensional stabilisation of flakeboards. Forest Prod J 48:55-61.
National Agroforestry Policy (2014) Government of India, India.
Nazmul Alam DM, Islam MN, Rahman KS, Alam MR (2012) Comparative study on physical and mechanical properties of plywood produced from Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehn.) and Simul (Bombax ceiba L.) veneers. Res J Recent Sci. 1(9):54-58.
ParthibanKT, Fernandaz CC(2017) Industrial agroforestry-status and developments in Tamil Nadu. Indian JAgrofor 19(1):1-11.
Parthiban KT, Umarani R, Umesh Kanna S, Sekar I, Rajendran P, Durairasu P (2014) Industrial agroforestry perspective and prospectives. Scientific Publisher, Jodhpur. 396 pp.
Rahaman MM, Akhter K, Biswas D, Sheikh MW (2012) Suitability of hybrid Acacia wood for manufacturing plywood and particleboard. J Bangladesh Acad Sci 36(2):171-176.
Rahman MK, Asaduzzaman M, Rahman MM, Das AK, Biswas SK (2014a) Physical and mechanical properties of ghora neem (Melia azedarach) plywood. Bangladesh J Sci Ind Res 49(1):47-52.
Rahman MM, Das AK, Asaduzzaman M, Hannan MO, Biswas SK (2014b) Physical and mechanical properties of Raj Koroi (Albizia richardiana) plywood. Afr J Wood Sci For 2326-7285.
Tenorio C, Moya R, Muñoz F (2011) Comparative study on physical and mechanical properties of laminated veneer lumber and plywood panels made of wood from fast growing Gmelina arborea trees. J Wood Sci 57(2):134-139.
Wardrop AB (1957) The phase of lignification in the differentiation of wood fibers. Tappi 40:225-243.
Zaman MA (1982) Manufacture of commercial plywood and tea chests in Bangladesh and various problem faced by the industry. Pages 310-315. Proc. Second National Forestry Conference, Sishu Academy, Dhaka, Bangladesh, January 21-26.
Zheng Y, Zhongli LP, Zhang RH, Jenkins BM, Blunk S (2007) Particleboard quality characteristics of saline jose tall wheatgrass and chemical treatment effect. Biores Technol 98:1304-1310.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
The copyright of an article published in Wood and Fiber Science is transferred to the Society of Wood Science and Technology (for U. S. Government employees: to the extent transferable), effective if and when the article is accepted for publication. This transfer grants the Society of Wood Science and Technology permission to republish all or any part of the article in any form, e.g., reprints for sale, microfiche, proceedings, etc. However, the authors reserve the following as set forth in the Copyright Law:
1. All proprietary rights other than copyright, such as patent rights.
2. The right to grant or refuse permission to third parties to republish all or part of the article or translations thereof. In the case of whole articles, such third parties must obtain Society of Wood Science and Technology written permission as well. However, the Society may grant rights with respect to Journal issues as a whole.
3. The right to use all or part of this article in future works of their own, such as lectures, press releases, reviews, text books, or reprint books.
