Computer Simulation of A New Method to Dry Lumber Using Solar Energy and Absorption Refrigeration

Authors

  • Wayne A. Helmer
  • Peter Y. S. Chen

Keywords:

Solar energy, lumber drying, absorption refrigeration, dehumidification drying, economic analysis

Abstract

A mathematical model for a Solar-absorption dehumidification lumber dryer has been developed. Performance of a commercial size lumber kiln of 60 m3 (25,000 board-feet) was simulated for a southern Illinois climate for four different seasons of the year. The solar-absorption system dried yellow-poplar lumber as fast as a conventional vapor-compression dehumidification system while reducing the electrical energy costs by 85%. Capital costs and yearly fuel costs were compared to an oil-fired boiler system, a wood-fired boiler system, and a vapor-compression lumber-drying system.

References

Alien, R. W., and F. H. Mouse. 1976. Optimization studies of solar absorption air conditioning system. Report No. NSF/RANN/SE/G139117/PR/76/2, National Science Foundation, Washington, D.C.nAnand, D. K., R. W. Allen, and B. Kumar. 1982. Transient simulation of absorption machines. Trans. of ASME J. Solar Energy Eng. 104(3):197-203.nAnonymous. 1976. Solaire™ 36, 3-ton absorption chiller for solar air conditioning. Product Literature, Arkla Industries, Inc., Evansville, IN.nAnonymous. 1979 Air cooling and dehumidifying coils. ASHRAE Handbook-Equipment, ASHRAE, Atlanta, GA. Pp. 11-17.nAnonymous. 1980. Solartron vacuum-tube solar collector TC-100. Product Literature, General Electric Co., Philadelphia, PA.nAuer, W. W. 1980. Solar energy systems for agricultural and industrial process in drying. Drying '80, Vol. 1. In Developments in drying. McGill University. Montreal. P. 280.nAuh, P. C. 1977. A survey of absorption cooling technology in solar applications. Report No. BNL-50704, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY.nAuh, P. C. 1979. Development of hardware simulators for tests of solar cooling/heating subsystems and systems: Phase II-Unsteady State hardware simulation of residential absorption chiller. Brook-haven National Laboratory, Upton, NY.nBlinn, J. C. J. W. Mitchell, and J. A. Duffie. 1979. Modelling of transient performance of residential solar absorption air conditioning system. Proceedings of the 1979 International Solar Energy Congress.nBogart, M. J. 1982. Lithium bromide absorption refrigeration—A calculator program. ASHRAE Journal 24(8):23-28.nBramhall, G. 1976. Semi-empirical method to calculate kiln-schedule modification for some lumber species. Wood Sci. 8(4):213-222.nCinquemani, V., J. R. Owenby, and R. G. Baldwin, 1978. Input for solar systems. A report to Department of Energy for the National Climatic Center under Agreement No. E(49-26)-1041. 192 pp.nComstock, G. L. 1975. Energy requirements for drying—Lumber, veneer, particles. In Wood residue as an energy source. Conference Proceedings of the Forest Products Research Society, September 3-5, Denver, CO. P. 8.nCurtis, A. B. 1982. Economics of local and regional firewood markets. In Proceedings of the Fuelwood Management and Utilization Seminar, Michigan State University, November 1982. P. 36.nEggen, G. and S. Tronstad. 1980. Dehumidification drying-conventional drying comparative tests on energy consumption. In Proceedings of the IUFRO V Conference-Wood Drying Papers, Oxford, England, April, 1980. P. 19.nGuertin, J. A., and B. D. Wood. 1980. Transient effects on the performance of a residential solar absorption chiller. Proceedings of the 1980 Annual Meeting AS/ISES, Phoenix, AZ. P. 186.nHelmer, W. A., P. Y. S. Chen, N. Rosen, and S. W. Wang. 1980. A theoretical model for solar dehumidification drying of wood. Drying '80, Vol. II. In Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Drying, McGill University, Montreal. Pp. 21-28.nHelmer, W. A., P. Y. S. Chen, and S. W. Wang. and M. B. Vaidya. 1982. A computer model to simulate solar and solar-dehumidification lumber drying. Trans. ASME J. Solar Eng. 104(3):182-186.nLiu, B. Y. H., and R. C. Jordan. 1977. Availability of solar energy for flat-plate solar heat collectors. In Applications of solar energy for heating and cooling of buildings, ASHRAE, Atlanta, GA. Pp. vl-v26.nLunde, P. J. 1980. Solar thermal engineering. John Wiley and Sons, New York, NY. P. 443.nMueller Associates, Inc. 1981. Solar energy system construction costs. Draft Report 81-183.nRasmussen, E. F. 1961. Dry kiln operators manual. Agriculture Handbook No. 188, Forest Products Laboratory, USDA Forest Service, Madison, WI. P. 144.nRosen, H. N., P. Y. S. Chen, and W. A. Helmer. 1982. Solar and solar-dehumidification drying of lumber. In Proceedings of the 50th Anniversary of the Forestry Program al Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, Cape Town, South Africa. Pp. 9, 12.n

Downloads

Published

2007-06-28

Issue

Section

Research Contributions