Use of Mountain Pine Beetle Killed Wood to Produce Cement-Bonded Particleboard

Authors

  • Feng-Cheng Chang
  • Frank Lam

Keywords:

Wood—plastic composites, extractives, mechanical properties, water sorption, fungal durability

Abstract

This study investigated the properties of cement-bonded particleboards made with mountain pine beetle (MPB) (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins)-infected wood. Four different types of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia Engelm.) particles, from two different log sizes and two different years since tree death (3 and 5 yr), were considered in this study. Different formulations consisting of two cement types, two additives, various wood/cement/water ratios, and a range of additive conditions were studied. Mechanical and physical tests were conducted to examine the properties of the specimens. The results showed that wood particles from small logs (diameter < 28 cm) of 3 yr since tree death with either type of cement and calcium chloride or magnesium chloride as the additive are the best formulations. Other formulations also showed comparable mechanical and physical properties to published results of cement-bonded products. Based on the testing results, MPB woods may be used for the manufacture of the value-added wood—cement products.

References

ASTM (2007) Standard test methods for evaluating properties of wood-base fiber and particle panel materials. D1037-06a. American Society for Testing and Materials, West Conshohocken, PA.nBiblis EJ, Lo CF (1968) Effect on the setting of southern pine—cement mixtures. Forest Prod J 18(8):28-34.nByrne T, Stonestreet C, Peter B (2006) Characteristics and utilization of post-mountain pine beetle wood in solid wood products. Pages 233-253 in L Safranyik and B Wilson, eds. The mountain pine beetle: A synthesis of biology, management, and impacts on lodgepole pine. Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Pacific Forestry Centre.nCampbell MD, Coutts RSP (1980) Wood fibre-reinforced cement composites. J Mater Sci 15:1962-1970.nChang F-C, Lam F (2008) Suitability of fibres from mountain pine beetle attacked wood in wood—cement composite materials. Forest Prod J 58(3):85-90.nChow S, Obermajer A (2007) Moisture and blue stain distribution in mountain pine beetle infested lodgepole pine trees and industrial. Wood Sci Technol 41:3-16.nDefo M, Cloutier A, Riedl B (2004) Wood—cement compatibility of some eastern Canadian wood by isothermal calorimetry. Forest Prod J 54(10):49-56.nEusebio DA (2003) Cement bonded board: Today's alternative. Paper presented at a technical forum in celebration of the 21st PCIERD (Philippine Council for Industry and Energy Research and Development) Anniversary, Department of Science and Technology (DOST), Pasig City, Philippines, 17 March 2003. 9 pp.nEvans PD (2000) Summary: An introduction to wood—cement composites. Pages 7-10 in PD Evans, ed. Wood—cement composites in the Asia region in Proc a workshop held at Rydges Hotel, Canberra, Australia, 10 December 2000.nFernandez EC, Lamason CRG, Delgado TS (2000) Cementbonded boards from wastewater treatment sludge of a recycled paper mill. Pages 73-80 in PD Evans, ed. Wood—cement composites in the Asia region in Proc a workshop held in Canberra, Australia, on 10 December 2000.nFernandez EC, Taja-on VP (2000) The use and processing of rice straw in the manufacture of cement-bonded fibreboard. Pages 49-54 in PD Evans, ed. Wood—cement composites in the Asia region in Proc a workshop held in Canberra, Australia, 10 December 2000.nHofstrand AD, Moslemi AA, Garcia JF (1984) Curing characteristics of wood particles from nine northern Rocky Mountain species mixed with Portland cement. Forest Prod J 34(2):57-61.nJorge FC, Pereira C, Ferreira JMF (2004) Wood—cement composites: A review. Holz Roh Werkst 62:370-377.nLee AWC, Hong Z (1986) Compressive strength of cylindrical sample as an indicator of cement compatibility. Forest Prod J 36(11/12):87-90.nLee AWC, Hong Z, Phillips DR, Hse CY (1987) Effect of cement/wood ratios and wood storage conditions on hydration temperature, hydration time, and compressive strength of wood—cement mixtures. Wood Fiber Sci 19(3): 262-268.nMa LF, Yamauchi H, Pulido OR, Tamura Y, Sasaki H, Kawai S (2000) Manufacture of cement-bonded boards from wood and other lignocellulosic materials: Relationship between cement hydration and mechanical properties of cement-bonded boards. Pages 13-23 in PD Evans, ed. Wood—cement composites in the Asia region in Proc a workshop, Canberra, Australia, 10 December 2000.nMoslemi AA, Garcia JF, Hofstrand AD (1983) Effect of various treatment and additives on wood—Portland cement—water systems. Wood Fiber Sci 15(2):164-176.nMoslemi AA, Pfister SC (1987) The influence of cement/wood ratio and cement type on bending strength and dimensional stability of wood—cement composite panels. Wood Fiber Sci 19(2):165-175.nOkino EYA, Souza MR, Santana MAE, Alves MVS, Sousa ME, Teixeira DE (2004) Cement-bonded wood particle-board with a mixture of eucalypt and rubberwood. Cement Concr Compos 26:729-734.nOlorunnisola AO, Adefisan OO (2002) Trial production and testing of cement-bonded particleboard from rattan furniture waste. Wood Fiber Sci 34(1):116-124.nPapadopoulos AN (2007) Physical—mechanical properties and decay resistance of Acer platanoides L. cement bonded particleboards. J Int Res Publ 2:79-87. http://www.ejournalnet.com/technomat/volume-2/technomat-2-7.swf (23 March 2009). http://www.ejournalnet.com/technomat/volume-2/technomat-2-7.swf'>http://www.ejournalnet.com/technomat/volume-2/technomat-2-7.swfnPapadopoulos AN (2008) Performance of cement bonded boards made from maple articles. Holz Roh Werkst 66:385-387.nSafranyik L, Carroll AL (2006) The biology and epidemiology of mountain pine beetle in lodgepole pine forests. Pages 3-66 in L Safranyik and B Wilson, eds. The mountain pine beetle: A synthesis of biology, management, and impacts on lodgepole pine. Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Pacific Forestry Centre.nSchwartz HG, Simatupang MH (1983) Influence of the chemical composition of Portland cement on the compression strength of samples composed of cement and spruce or beech wood particles. Holz Roh Werkst 41:65-69.nSemple KE, Cunningham RB, Evans PD (1999) Cement hydration tests using wood flour may not predict the suitability of Acacia mangium and Eucalyptus pellita for the manufacture of wood—wool cement boards. Holzforschung 53:327-332.nSemple KE, Evans PD (2000) Adverse effect of heartwood on the mechanical properties of wood—wool cement boards manufactured from radiata pine wood. Wood Fiber Sci 32(1):37-43.nSimatupang MH, Bröker F-W. (1998) Properties and hygroscopic isotherm of cement-bonded particleboards and fiberboards made by carbon dioxide injection method and conventional methods. Holz Roh Werkst 56(4):275-276.nSimatupang MH, Suh JS, Sudin R, Salleh J (1993) Larch and oil palm cement-bonded particleboards made by carbon dioxide injection. Holz Roh Werkst 51(3):224.nSulastiningsih IM, Nurwati, Murdjoko S, Kawai S (2000) The effects of bamboo:cement ratio and magnesium chloride (MgCl2) content on the properties of bamboo—cement boards. Pages 66-71 in PD Evans, ed. Wood—cement composites in the Asia region in Proc a workshop held in Canberra, Australia, 10 December 2000.nWatson P (2006) Impact of the mountain pine beetle on pulp and paper making. Pages 255-275 in L Safranyik and B Wilson, eds. The mountain pine beetle: A synthesis of biology, management, and impacts on lodgepole pine. Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Pacific Forestry Centre.nWeatherwax RC, Tarkow H (1964) Effect of wood on setting of Portland cement. Forest Prod J 14(12): 567-570.nWeatherwax RC, Tarkow H (1967) Effect of wood on setting of Portland cement: Decayed wood as an inhibitor. Forest Prod J 17(7):30-32.nWei YM, Zhou YG, Tomita B (2000) Hydration behavior of wood cement-based composite I: Evaluation of wood species effects on compatibility and strength with ordinary Portland cement. J Wood Sci 46:296-302.nWoo KL, Watson P, Mansfield SD (2005) The effect of mountain pine beetle attack on lodgepole pine wood morphology and chemistry: Implications for wood and fibre quality. Wood Fiber Sci 37(1):112-126.nYoungquist JA (1999) Wood-based composites and panel products. Wood handbook—Wood as an engineering material. USDA Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, WI.nZhou Y, Kamdem DP (2002) Effect of cement/wood ratio on the properties of cement-bonded particleboard using CCA-treated wood removed from service. Forest Prod J 52(3):77-81.n

Downloads

Published

2009-07-16

Issue

Section

Research Contributions