Crystallinity And Ultrastructure Of Ammoniated Wood Part II. Ultrastructure
Abstract
Cell-wall layering, pits, and lumen surfaces of loblolly pine wood were examined in the electron microscope for changes due to ammonia treatment. Both normal and compression wood cell walls were crimped circumferentially after ammoniation as evidenced by deformations in the S3 and/or S1 layers. Such crimping would imply a cell-wall consolidation due to shrinkage in the S2, and the overall phenomenon was probably responsible for the increase in X-ray crystallinity of the same material. Other ultrastructural changes included definite pit aspiration and the deposition of an incmstant-like substance onto both pit structure and lumen surfaces. This incrustant was probably some residual wood extractive or other wall constituent partially solubilized by condensed ammonia in the cell.References
Côté, W. A., and A. C. Day. 1969. Wood ultrastructure of the southern yellow pines. N.Y. State Coll. Forestry, Syracuse Univ. Tech. Pub. No. 95.nCôté, W. A., Z. Koran, and A. C. Day. 1964. Replica techniques for electron microscopy of wood and paper. TAPPI, 47(8): 477-484.nPease, D. C. 1964. Histological techniques for electron microscopy. Academic Press, New York, N. Y.nPentoney, R. E. 1966. Liquid ammonia-solvent combinations in wood plasticization (properties of treated wood). Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Develop. 5(2): 105-110.nPollisco, F. S. 1969. Physical properties of maple wood treated with ammonia vapor. Ph.D. dissertation, N.Y. State Coll. Forestry, Syracuse Univ.nSmith, L. K. 1969. Influence of ammonia-water interaction on the mechanical properties of maple. M.S. thesis, N.Y. State Coll. Forestry, Syracuse Univ.nThomas, R. J., and D. D. Nicholas. 1966. Pit membrane structure in loblolly pine as influenced by solvent exchange drying. Forest Prod. J., 16(3):53-56.n
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