Interclonal, Intraclonal, and Within-Tree Variation in Fiber Length of Poplar Hybrid Clones
Keywords:
Fiber length, <i>Populus x euramericana</i>, intraclonal variation, interclonal variation, hybrid variationAbstract
Variation in fiber length pattern within the stem, within clones, and between clones of the hybrid Populus x euramericana was investigated. Samples were taken from a total of twenty-seven nine-year-old trees representing ten clones from one site in south-central Quebec. Sample disks from each tree were taken from four heights. Each even-numbered ring from the pith was also sampled at each height to determine the radial variation pattern in fiber length. Clones, heights, and the position of annual rings from pith had significant effects on average fiber length. Individual tree broad-sense heritability was 0.41. The main source of variation was the position of annual rings from pith, which-accounted for about 80% of total variance. Fiber length increased from pith to bark for all sampled heights. For a given annual ring, fiber length was low at the bottom of the tree and tended to reach a maximum at mid-height. Weighted average fiber length at breast height was significantly correlated to weighted average fiber length of the merchantable stem. Finally, the correlation between fiber length and growth rate varied over the age of the tree. At early ages, correlation between ring width and fiber length was not significant; at older ages, slight negative but significant correlation was found between these two traits.References
Bailey, I. W. 1954. Contribution to plant anatomy. Chronica Botanica Co., Waltham, MA.nBeaudoin, M., R. E. Hernández, A. Koubaa, and J. Poliquin. 1992. Intraclonal, interclonal, and within-tree variation in wood density of poplar hybrid clones. Wood Fiber Sci. 24(2): 147-153.nBendtsen, B. A., and J. Senft. 1986. Mechanical and anatomical properties in individual growth rings of plantation-grown eastern cottonwood and loblolly pine. Wood Fiber Sci. 18(1):23-38.nBoyce, S. G., and M. Kaeiser. 1961. Environmental and genetic variability in the length of fibers of eastern cottonwood. Tappi 44(5):363-366.nCech, M. Y., R. W. Kennedy, and J. H. G. Smith. 1960. Variation in some wood quality attributes of one-year-old black cottonwood. Tappi 43(10):857-858.nCheng, W. W., and D. W. Bensend. 1979. Anatomical properties of selected Populus clones grown under intensive culture. Wood Sci. 11(3):182-187.nDelucchi, M. 1981. Étude de quelques propriétés anatomiques et physiques de provenances-descendances de peuplier deltoides. M.Sc. thesis, Département d'Exploitation et Utilisation des Bois, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.nElnspahr, D. W., J. P. Van Buijtenen, and J. R. Peckham. 1963. Natural variation and heritability in triploid aspen. Silvae Genet. 12(2):51-58.nFarmer, R. E., and J. R. Wilcox. 1968. Preliminary testing of eastern cottonwood clones. Theor. Appl. Genet. 38:197-201.nGeimer, R. L., and J. B. Crist. 1980. Structural flake-board from short-rotation, intensively cultured hybrid Populus clones. Forest Prod. J. 30(6):42-48.nHolt, D. H., and W. K. Murphey. 1978. Properties of hybrid poplar juvenile wood affected by silvicultural treatments. Wood Sci. 10(4): 198-203.nHorn, R. A. 1978. Morphology of pulp fiber from hardwoods and influence on paper strength. USDA. Forest Serv., Forest Prod. Lab. Res. Pap., Madison, WI., Pp. 312-321.nIvkovich, M. 1996. Genetic variation of wood properties in balsam poplar (Populus balsamifera L.). Silvae Genet. 45(2-3):119-124.nJohnson, L. P. V. 1942. Studies on the relation of growth rate to wood quality in Populus hybrids. Can. J. Res. 20: 28-40.nKaeiser, M. 1956. Variations in fiber length of eastern cottonwood. USDA Forest Serv. Rep. No 2047. 6 pp.nKeays, J. L., J. V. Hatton, G. R. Bailey, and R. W. Neilson. 1974. Present and future uses of Canadian poplars in fibre and wood products. Can. Western Forest Prod. Lab., Inf. Report VP-X-120.nKennedy, R. W. 1957. Fibre length of fast- and slow-grown black cottonwood. Forest Chron. 33(3):46-50.nLabosky, P. Jr., T. W. Bowersox, and P. R. Blanken-Horn. 1983. Kraft pulp yields and paper properties obtained from first and second rotations of three hybrid poplar clones. Wood Fiber Sci. 15(1):81-89.nMarton, R., G. R. Stairs, and E. J. Schreiner. 1968. Influence of growth rate and clonal effects on wood anatomy and pulping properties of hybrid poplars. Tappi 51(5):230-235.nMohrdiek, O. 1979. Holzdichte und Faserlänge bei Populus-Leuce-Arten. Holzzucht 33(3/4):23-26.nMurphey, W. K., T. W. Bowersox, and P. R. Blanken-Horn. 1979. Selected wood properties of young Populus hybrids. Wood Sci. 11(4):263-267.nNepveu, G., R. Keller, and E. Tessier Du Cros. 1978. Selection juvénile pour la qualité du bois chez certains peupliers noirs. Ann. Sci. Forest. 35(1):69-92.nNepveu, G., C. L. Barneoud, H. Polge, and M. Aubert. 1985. Variabilité clonale des contraintes de croissance et quelques autres propriétés du bois dans le genre Populus. Fiabilité de l'appréciation de la qualité du bois à l'aide de carottes de sondage. Annales AFOCEL. Pp. 337-357.nPeszlen, I. 1994. Influence of age on selected anatomical properties of Populus clones. IAWA J. 15(3):311-321.nSierra-Alvarez, R., and B. F. Tjeerdsma. 1995. Organosolv pulping of poplar wood from short-rotation intensive culture plantations. Wood Fiber Sci. 27(4):395-401.nSmith, J. H. G., and U. Rumma. 1971. Specific gravity and fiber length of hybrid poplar. J. Forestry 69(1):34.nVan Buijtenen, J. P., D. W. Einspahr, and P. N. Joranson. 1959. Natural variation in Populus tremuloides Michx. Tappi 42(10):819-823.nVan Buijtenen, J. P., D. W. Einspahr, and J. R. Peckham. 1962. Natural variation in Populus tremuloides Michx. II. Variation in pulp and papermaking properties. Tappi 45(1):58-61.nYanchuk, A. D., B. P. Dancik, and M. M. Micko. 1984. Variation and heritability of wood density and fiber length of trembling aspen in Alberta, Canada. Silvae Genet. 33(1):11-16.nZenker, R. 1968. Untersuchungen über zugholzanteil und faserläge in stammholz versciedener pappelsorten. Faserforchung und textiltechnik. 19:1-10.nZobel, B. J., and J. P. Van Buijtenen. 1989. Wood variation: Its causes and control. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany.nZobel, B. J., and J. B. Jett. 1995. Genetics of wood production. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany.n
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
The copyright of an article published in Wood and Fiber Science is transferred to the Society of Wood Science and Technology (for U. S. Government employees: to the extent transferable), effective if and when the article is accepted for publication. This transfer grants the Society of Wood Science and Technology permission to republish all or any part of the article in any form, e.g., reprints for sale, microfiche, proceedings, etc. However, the authors reserve the following as set forth in the Copyright Law:
1. All proprietary rights other than copyright, such as patent rights.
2. The right to grant or refuse permission to third parties to republish all or part of the article or translations thereof. In the case of whole articles, such third parties must obtain Society of Wood Science and Technology written permission as well. However, the Society may grant rights with respect to Journal issues as a whole.
3. The right to use all or part of this article in future works of their own, such as lectures, press releases, reviews, text books, or reprint books.
