Effect of Compression of Green Wood Chips on Conidial Germination and Colonization of A Biopulping Fungus, <i>Phanerochaete Chrysosporium</i>

Authors

  • Yi-ru Chen
  • Elmer L. Schmidt
  • Kurt K. Olsen

Keywords:

Compression-baling, biopulping, <i>Phanerochaete chrysosporium</i>, parenchyma cells, germination, colonization, contact-agar method, SEM, aspen, jack pine, balsam fir

Abstract

Compression and baling of green wood ships inoculated with a biopulping fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium has produced pulps with increased strength properties and reduced energy inputs without the need for steaming of chips or specialized bioreactor conditions. Use of a contact-agar method to study spore germination has shown that compression of green wood enhances rates of sapwood colonization by two strains of this white-rot fungus. This response was verified by SEM observation and is thought to occur as a result of parenchyma death during chip compression. The colonization of this fungus on softwood chips was also improved as a result of compression.

References

Akhtar, M. 1994 Biomechanical pulping of aspen wood chips with three strains of Ceriporiopsis subvermispora. Holzforschung 48(3): 199-202.nBar-Lev, S. S., T. K. Kirk, and H-M. Chang. 1982. Fungal treatment can reduce energy requirements for secondary refining of TMP. TAPPI 65(10):111-113.nBreuil, C., Y. Gao, Z. Wang, T. Chen, Y. Zheng, and J. N. R. Ruddick. 1994. Wood-inhabiting non-decay fungi grow poorly in wood chips containing sapwood and heartwood. Pages 81-84 in Proc. TAPPI Biological Science Symposium 1994.nCarlile, M. J., and S. C. Watkinson. 1994. The fungi. Academic Press, New York, NY.nChen, Y.-R., and E. L. Schmidt. 1995. Improving aspen kraft pulp by a novel, low-technology fungal pretreatment. Wood Fiber Sci. 27(2): 198-204.nEriksson, K.-E., and L. Vallander. 1982. Properties of pulps from thermomechanical pulping of chips pretreated with fungi. Sven. Papperstidn. R33-R38.nHaygreen, J. G. 1981. Potential for compression drying of green wood chip fuel. Forest. Prod. J. 31(8):43-54.nKashino, Y., T. Nishida, Y. Takahara, K. Fujita, R. Kon-Do, and K. Sakai. 1993. Biomechanical pulping using white-rot fungus IZU-154 TAPPI 76(12): 167-171.nKirk, T. K., J. W. Koning Jr., R. R. Burgess, M. Akhtar, R. A. Blanchette, D. C. Cameron, D. Cullen, P. J. Kersten, E. N. Lightfoot, G. C. Myers, I, Sachs, M. Sykes, and M. B. Wall. 1993. Biopulping: A glimpse of the future? Research Paper FPL-RP-523. USDA, Forest Serv., Forest Prod. Lab., Madison, WI.nLin, Y.-L., and E. L. Schmidt. 1991. Effects of compression on parenchyma cell viability, initial heating, and microflora of aspen fuel chips. Wood Fiber Sci. 23(2):253-259.nOlsen, K. K. 1996. A novel fungal pretreatment (bio-pulping) process based on compression of nonsterile pine wood chips. MS thesis, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN.nRead, S. J., S. T. Moss, and E. B. G. Jones. 1992. Germination and development of attachment structures by conidia of aquatic Hyphomycetes: A scanning electron microscopy study. Can. J. Bot. 70:838-845.nReid, I. D. 1989. Optimization of solid-state fermentation for selective delignification of aspen wood with Phlebia tremellosa. Enzyme Microbiol. Technol. 11:804-809.nSchmidt, E. L., and D. W. French. 1977. A contact agar block technique to study spore germination of wood decay fungi. Int. Biodeter. Bull. 13(1):13-17.nSchmidt, E. L., and D. W. French. 1979. Sterilization method effects on germination of wood decay fungus spores observed by the contact agar method. Phytopathology 69(7):688-689.nSchmidt, E. L., K. K. Olsen, and Y.-R. Chen. 1994. A novel fungal pretreatment (biopulping) process based on compression of non-sterile wood chips. Pages 267-270 in Proc. TAPPI Biological Science Symposium 1994.nSetliff, E. C., R. Marton, S. G. Granzow, and K. L. Eriksson. 1990. Biomechanical pulping with white-rot fungi. TAPPI 73(8): 141-147.nShortle, W. C., and E. B. Cowling. 1978. Interaction of live sapwood and fungi commonly found in discolored and decayed wood. Phytopathology 68:617-623.nSpringer, E. L., and G. J. Hajny. 1970. Spontaneous heating in piled wood chips. I. Initial mechanism. TAPPI 53(1):85-86.nSteklenski, P. G., E. L. Schmidt, and J. G. Haygreen. 1989. Properties of compression dewatered and baled aspen wood chips fuels. Forest. Prod. J. 39(2):8-13.nWardell, J. F., and J. H. Hart. 1970. Early responses of sapwood of Quercus bicolor to mechanical injury. Can. J. Botany 48:683-686.n

Downloads

Published

2007-06-19

Issue

Section

Research Contributions