Effects of Glycol on Leachability and Efficacy of Boron Wood Preservatives
Keywords:
Boron wood preservatives, leaching, polyethylene glycol, fungiAbstract
Although boron has many advantages as a wood preservative, this chemical performs poorly in leaching exposures. In this study, we investigated the potential for decreasing the leachability of boron preservatives with polyethylene glycol (PEG). Southern pine (Pinus spp.) test samples impregnated with combinations of sodium borate or boric acid and PEG were subjected to both leaching and decay tests. Samples treated sequentially with sodium borate or boric acid and then with PEG-400 or PEG-600 showed a significantly increased resistance to boron leaching. However, decay tests indicated that blocks treated with sodium borate or boric acid and PEG experienced slightly higher weight losses at nearly all retention levels, possibly as a result of PEG depletion. Thus, although the results suggest that bulking agents may enhance the resistance of boron to leaching, the enhanced leach resistance may be a temporary effect.References
Amburgey, T. L. 1976. Observation on the soil-block and agar-block methods of evaluating wood decay. Mater. Org. 11(4):273-277.nAmerican Society For Testing And Materials (ASTM). 1988. Standard method of testing wood preservatives by laboratory soil-block cultures. D 1413-76. Pages 239-245 in Annual book of ASTM standards, vol. 4.09 Wood. Philadelphia, PA.nAmerican Wood-Preservers' Association (AWPA). 1996. Book of standards. Stevensville, MD.nBarnes, H. M., T. L. Amburgey, L. H. Williams, and J. J. Morrell. 1989. Borates as wood-preserving compounds: The status of research in the United States. IRG/WP/3542. International Research Group on Wood Preservation, Stockholm, Sweden. 17 pp.nBech-Andersen, J. 1987. Practical experiments with Boracol 10 Rh used as fungicide in the repair process after attack by the dry rot fungus (Serpula lacrymans). IRG/ WP/3458. International Research Group on Wood Preservation, Stockholm, Sweden. 10 pp.nDickinson, D. J. 1990. Remedial treatment: In-situ treatments and treatments of historic structures. Pages 87-90 in First International Conference on Wood Protection with Diffusuble Preservatives. Proceedings No. 47355. Forest Products Research Society, Madison, WI.nDocks, E. L. 1990. U.S. Borax research, proposed treating standard for consideration by subcommittee T-2 of the AWPA. American Wood-Preservers' Association, Stevensville, MD.nGoldstein, I. S., and W. E. Loos. 1973. Special treatments. Pages 341-371 in D. D. Nicholas, ed. Wood deterioration and its prevention by preservation treatments, vol. 1. Syracuse University Press, Syracuse, NY.nGreaves, H. 1990. Wood protection with diffusible preservatives: Historical perspective in Australia. Pages 14-15 in First International Conference on Wood Protection with Diffusible Preservatives. Forest Products Research Society, Madison, WI.nHashim, R., R. J. Murphy, D. J. Dickinson, and J. M. Dinwoodie. 1994. Vapor boron treatment of wood based panels: Mechanisms for effect upon impact resistance. IRG/WP/94-40036. International Research Group on Wood Preservation, Stockholm, Sweden. 11 pp.nHunt, G. M., and G. A. Garrett. 1967. Wood preservation, 3rd ed. McGraw-Hill, New York, NY. 433 pp.nHyde, D. 1994. No fungus can fight against boron. Timber Trades J. 7:24-25.nLaks, P. E. 1989. Wood preservatives—Looking ahead. Constr. Specifier 42:61-70.nManning, M. J., and L. T. Artur. 1995. Borates as wood preservatives. Pages 180-186 in Wood preservation in the '90s and beyond. Proceedings No. 7308. Forest Products Research Society, Madison, WI.nMurphy, R. J. 1990. Historical perspective in Europe. Pages 9-13 in First International Conference on Wood Protection with Diffusible Preservatives. Proceedings No. 47355. Forest Products Research Society, Madison, WI.nNicholas, D. D., L. Jin, and A. F. Preston. 1990. Immediate research needs for diffusible boron preservatives. Pages 121-123 in First International Conference on Wood Protection with Diffusible Preservatives. Proceedings No. 47355. Forest Products Research Society, Madison, WI.nPuettmann, M. M., and L. H. Williams. 1992. Penetration of southern pine floor joists by borate/glycol formulations. Wood Protection 2(1):29-34.nSu, N., and T. Scheffrahn. 1991. Remedial wood preservative efficacy of BORA-CARE® against the Formosan subterranean termite and eastern subterranean termite (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae), IRG/WP/1504. International Research Group on Wood Preservation, Stockholm, Sweden. 8 pp.nTokoro, M., and N. Su. 1993a. Oral toxicity of TIM-BOR® and BORA-CARE®, for the Formosan subterranean termite. IRG/WP/93-10045. International Research Group on Wood Preservation, Stockholm, Sweden. 6 pp.nTokoro, M., and N. Su. 1993b. Wood protection by surface treatment of two preservatives, TIMBOR® and BORA-CARE®, for the Formosan subterranean termite and eastern Formosan subterranean termite. IRG/WP/93-10044. International Research Group on Wood Preservation, Stockholm, Sweden. 7 pp.nTrumble, B., and E. Messina. 1986. Performance results of wood treated with CCA-PEG. IRG/WP/3363. International Research Group on Wood Preservation, Stockholm, Sweden. 10 pp.nWilliams, L. H., and T. L. Amburgey. 1987. Integrated protection against lyctid beetle infestations: IV. Resistance of boron-treated wood to insect and fungal attack. Forest Prod. J. 37(2): 10-17.n
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
The copyright of an article published in Wood and Fiber Science is transferred to the Society of Wood Science and Technology (for U. S. Government employees: to the extent transferable), effective if and when the article is accepted for publication. This transfer grants the Society of Wood Science and Technology permission to republish all or any part of the article in any form, e.g., reprints for sale, microfiche, proceedings, etc. However, the authors reserve the following as set forth in the Copyright Law:
1. All proprietary rights other than copyright, such as patent rights.
2. The right to grant or refuse permission to third parties to republish all or part of the article or translations thereof. In the case of whole articles, such third parties must obtain Society of Wood Science and Technology written permission as well. However, the Society may grant rights with respect to Journal issues as a whole.
3. The right to use all or part of this article in future works of their own, such as lectures, press releases, reviews, text books, or reprint books.