The Influence Of Aged Distilled Water On Pulp Pad Permeability

Authors

  • Roland Gertjejansen

Abstract

Past experience had shown that pulp pads permeated with aged distilled water always experienced a permeability decrease which was independent of the dissolved gas content. This loss could be regained, at least in part, by subsequent permeation with freshly distilled or filtered aged distilled water. The size of the blocking agent in aged distilled water was found to be between 1.2 and 5.0 microns, which falls within the size range determined by other workers for stable bubble nuclei in tap water. A dilute particle suspension exhibited a behavior identical to that of aged water, but microscopic analyses of filters showed no difference in the number of contaminants in freshly distilled or aged distilled water. Boiling (100 C) greatly reduced the deleterious effect of aged water. Although aged distilled water decreased pulp pad permeability, the specific filtration resistance of pulp slurries was not increased by aged distilled water and tap water when compared to freshly distilled water and filtered tap water. The presence of bubble nuclei would explain the effect of aged distilled water on pulp pad permeability, but how they are stabilized and why they develop is not known.

References

Abramson, Harold A. 1934. Electrokinetic phenomena and their application to biology and medicine. Chemical Catalog Company, Inc., New York. 33 p.nAnderson, B. E., R. A. Gortner, and H. Schmitz. 1941. Univ. of Minn. Agr. Exp. Sta. Tech. Bull. No. 146.nBriggs, Lymon J. 1950. Limiting negative pressure of water. J. Appl. Phys., 21: 721-722.nCarroll, M., and S. G. Mason. 1952. The measurement of fiber swelling by the liquid permeability method. Can. J. Tech., 30: 321-333.nEpstein, P. S., and M. S. Plesset. 1950. On the stability of gas bubbles in liquid-gas solutions. J. Chem. Phys., 18: 1505-1509.nFox, F. E., and K. F. Herzfeld. 1954. Gas bubbles with organic skins as cavitation nuclei. J. Acoust. Soc. Amer., 26: 984-989.nGehtjejansen, R. O. 1964. Method for determining the average specific filtration resistance of pulps at constant pressure. TAPPI, 47: 19-21.nGehtjejansen, R. O., and R. L. Hossfeld. 1967. Gas-liquid relationships and their effect upon the permeability of wood pulp pads to water. TAPPI, 50: 204-208.nGoring, D. A. I., and S. G. Mason. 1950. Electrokinetic properties of cellulose fibers. I. Stream potential and electro-osmosis. Can. J. Res., 28B: 307-322.nHarvey, E. N., D. K. Barnes, W. D. McElroy, A. H. Whiteley, D. C. Pease, and K. W. Cooper. 1944. Bubble formation in animals. I. Physical factors. J. Cell. Comp. Physiol., 24: 1-22.nHarvey, E. N., A. H. Whiteley, W. D. McElroy, D. C. Phase, and D. K. Barnes. 1944. Bubble formation in animals. II. Gas nuclei and their distribution in blood and tissues. J. Cell. Comp. Physiol., 24: 23-34.nHarvey, E. N., D. K. Barnes, W. D. McElroy, A. H. Whiteley, and D. C. Pease. 1945. Removal of gas nuclei from liquids and surfaces. J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 67: 156-157.nHarvey, E. N., W. D. McElroy, and A. H. Whiteley. 1947. On cavity formation in water. J. Appl. Phys., 18: 162-172.nIyengar, K. S., and E. G. Richardson. 1958. Measurements on the air-nuclei in natural water which give rise to cavitation. Brit. J. Appl. Phys., 9: 154-158.nKeller, Joseph B. 1964. Growth and decay of gas bubbles in liquids. In: Robert Davis [ed.], Cavitation in real liquids. Elsevier Publ. Co., New York.nLiebermann, Leonard. 1957. Air bubbles in water. J. Appl. Phys., 28: 205-211.nMegraw, R. A. 1967. A hydrodynamic particulate approach to pit membrane pore size distribution. Forest Prod. J., 17: 29-38.nMessino, C. D., D. Sette, and F. Wanderlingh. 1967. Effects of solid impurities on cavitation nuclei in water. J. Acoust. Soc. Amer., 41: 573-583.nPease, D. C., and L. R. Blinks. 1947. Cavitation from solid surfaces in the absence of gas nuclei. J. Phys. Colloid. Chem., 51: 556-567.nPlesset, Milton S. 1964. Bubble dynamics. In: Robert Davis [ed.], Cavitation in real liquids. Elsevier Publ. Co., New York.nPutnam, Frank W. 1953. Protein denaturation. In: H. Neurath and K. Bailey [eds.], The proteins. Academic Press, Inc., New York.nRobertson, A. A., and S. G. Mason. 1949. Specific surface of cellulose fibers by the liquid permeability method. Pulp Paper Mag. Can., 50: 103-110.nStrasberg, M. 1959. Onset of ultrasonic cavitation in tap water. J. Acoust. Soc. Amer., 31: 163-176.nTurner, W. R. 1961. Microbubble persistence in fresh water. J. Acoust. Soc. Amer., 33: 1223-1233.n

Downloads

Published

2007-06-22

Issue

Section

Research Contributions